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后疫情时代,“一带一路”海外产业园如何发展?

来源:经济日报外企头条工作室  撰稿人:  发布时间:2020年07月14日 浏览:
摘要:

聚焦“一带一路”中国海外产业园区发展现状、挑战和未来趋势,结合安永协助过的案例和分析,提供了解决方案。

  安永7月9日发布《引航》第四期报告《海外产业园区如何开启“一带一路”合作新篇章?》,聚焦“一带一路”中国海外产业园区发展现状、挑战和未来趋势,结合安永协助过的案例和分析,提供了解决方案。

  安永7月9日发布《引航》第四期报告《海外产业园区如何开启“一带一路”合作新篇章?》,聚焦“一带一路”中国海外产业园区发展现状、挑战和未来趋势,结合安永协助过的案例和分析,提供了解决方案。

  请看详细报道↓↓↓

  “一带一路”加速推进 共商共赢成果显著

  Shared growth and win-win results achieved through cooperation, as the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) accelerates advancement

  2020年,新冠肺炎席卷全球,对全球经济造成重大打击,但2020年1-5月,中企在“一带一路”国家新增非金融类直接投资逆势增长16%,预示着“一带一路”在中企国际化的道路上将扮演愈发重要的角色。

  The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 dealt a major blow to the global economy.However, from January to May 2020, China’s non-financial ODI in B&R countries increased by 16% against the downward trend, which indicates the BRI is playing an increasingly important role in the internationalization of Chinese enterprises.

  安永“一带一路”政府及基础设施行业主管杨淑娟表示:“突发的疫情凸显了沿线各国在医疗、卫生健康和通信等基础设施领域的缺口。”

  “As most B&R countries are developing countries with weak economic foundation, the outbreak of COVID-19 highlighted the gaps in infrastructure such as health and telecommunication between B&R countries and developed economies. ” says Jane Yang, Government and Public Sector and Infrastructure Leader, EY Belt and Road Task Force.

  “这将助推沿线各国大力推进‘健康丝绸之路’和‘数字丝绸之路’建设,为本土经济发展创造更多新增长点,为全球经济复苏注入更多新动力。”

  “This will drive B&R countries to advance the development of ‘Health Silk Road’ and ’Digital Silk Road’ and inject new impetus into global economic recovery.”

  共建海外产业园 打造“一带一路”发展新格局

  Co-developing China overseas industrial parks to build a new landscape of the B&R

  对统计的74个“一带一路”海外产业园区的分析显示,园区呈现“大分散,小集中”的区域分布特点。

  Based on an analysis of 74 overseas industrial parks , the overall distribution is "generally dispersed and regionally concentrated".

  而科技园以及创新研发中心型园区的跨境合作仍处于起步阶段。

  Cross-border cooperation in technological parks and innovative research & development center parks are still at the early stage of development.

  安永“一带一路”咨询服务主管祁志军表示,海外产业园区以沿线国家中心城市为据点,整合政策与资源,对产业链上下游企业有聚集效应,为中企‘走出去’提供新的发展机遇。

  “Overseas industrial parks are designed to be built in the major cities of B&R countries. With the advantages of integrating policies and resources, the parks always present strong clustering effect to attract enterprises along the industrial chain, creating ‘going abroad’ opportunities for Chinese enterprises. ”says Martin Qi, Advisory Service Leader, EY Belt and Road Task Force.

  然而,目前大多数园区仍处于建设发展的初级阶段,面临着外部环境不稳定、合作模式缺乏保障机制及缺乏系统性统筹规划等挑战。

  However, most of the overseas industrial parks are still in their early stage of construction and development, facing challenges like unstable external environment, lack of protective mechanisms in cooperating models and systematic planning.

  因此海外产业园区的长期发展还需要中国和东道国的政府和企业齐发力,实现多方互利共赢。

  It is necessary to strengthen collaboration among all parties, including governments and enterprises from both China and host countries, to achieve win-win results.

  挑战1:东道国宏观政治经济不稳定,营商环境有待改善

  Challenge 1: Macroeconomic and political instability and unfavorable business environment in host countries

  “一带一路”沿线多以发展中国家或地区为主,在政治经济稳定性、营商环境、产业配套等方面仍不成熟。

  Along the route are mainly developing countries or regions with relatively unstable politics and economy, unfavorable business environment and insufficient supporting services.

  投资海外产业园区经常会遇到项目搁置、政府不批准、政权不稳、市场消纳能力不足等问题。

  Thus, investors of the overseas industrial parks often encounter issues such as project suspension, government disapproval, political instability, and insufficient market absorption capacity.

  安永建议,对于初次投资目标国,企业应进行充分的外部环境分析,包括对宏观环境和行业市场、营商环境的全面分析与评估,并制定相应的风险预警与防控机制。

  It is recommended that, when making the first overseas investment, enterprises should conduct comprehensive external environment analysis, including macroeconomic, industry and market analysis, assess business environment and formulate corresponding risk prevention and control mechanisms.

  挑战2:合作模式缺乏保障机制

  Challenge 2: Cooperation model requires more protective mechanisms

  由于中国与东道国在文化背景、工作习惯、法律法规等方面存在差异,在园区长期发展运营过程中往往会出现许多需要解决的分歧。

  Many disagreements will need to be resolved in the long-term, due to the differences in culture, working habits, laws and regulations between China and the host countries.

  海外产业园区的投资企业在与东道国政府开展政策谈判时通常处于劣势地位,如在园区运营模式、利益分配等重大问题上的相关诉求较难实现。

  Enterprises investing in overseas industrial parks are usually at a disadvantageous position when they negotiate policies with the host government.For example, it is often difficult to achieve ideal outcome on major issues such as the park’s desired operating model and profit-sharing scheme.

  而东道国政府机构之间也存在业务重叠、缺乏协同合作等情况。

  In addition, there are also business overlaps and lack of coordination among government agencies in the host country.

  安永建议,投资企业可通过设立合资公司改善产业园区合作机制。

  Enterprises are recommended to set up joint ventures to improve the park’s collaboration mechanism.

  在东道国选择合作伙伴共同投资、参与运营可以使中企更高效、快速地摸清东道国市场运行规则,拥有一个在本地市场实力强劲的合作伙伴,也更有利于获得本地市场的认可,更好开展后续的经营发展。

  Finding a local partner in the host country to jointly invest and participate in the park’s operation will enable Chinese enterprises to understand local market rules and regulations in a more efficient manner and will also be more conducive to gaining the local market’s recognition and better develop business locally.

  挑战3:海外产业园区发展缺乏系统性统筹规划

  Challenge 3: Overseas industrial parks lack systematic planning

  虽然海外产业园区常由政府牵头,但最终运营往往要落到具体的投资实施企业,

  Although overseas industrial parks are often led by governments, the operation is eventually implemented by enterprises.

  而现实中许多投资企业受限于自身规模和海外投资经验,导致海外产业园区的主导产业频繁变动、专业化配套服务长期匮乏。

  However, many enterprises’ capabilities are limited by their small scale and insufficient experience in overseas investment, which always leads to frequent changes of primary industries of the parks, or lack of specialized supporting services for a long time.

  致使园区招商困难,部分园区甚至出现过再次选址、企业入园后再撤资等现象。

  As a result, the parks will face difficulties in attracting investment. Moreover, site re-selection and capital withdrawal may happen. Related enterprises are recommended to design comprehensive strategies, operation and implementation plans of overseas industrial parks.

  安永建议,相关企业可统筹规划海外产业园区战略、运营及实施方案,通过竞合分析帮助投资者了解竞争格局,制定合理可行的发展战略;

  Related enterprises are recommended to design comprehensive strategies, operation and implementation plans of overseas industrial parks. Also, by doing a competitive analysis, investors could better understand the competitive landscape and formulate more reasonable and feasible strategies.

  而详细的业务运营方案和实施方案则可帮助园区顺利执行战略落地,同时建议在运营阶段不断寻求业绩改善的空间与方案。

  In addition, a detailed business operation and implementation plan can help investors implement the development strategy smoothly. It is also recommended to continuously seek performance improvement during the whole operation phase.

  海外产业园区未来发展趋势

  Future development trends of overseas industry parks

  目前,海外产业园区已成为推进“一带一路”建设和国际产能合作的重要平台之一。安永预计,未来海外产业园区将呈现四大发展趋势:

  Today, China overseas industrial parks have become important platforms for promoting B&R development and international capacity cooperation. EY expects four future development trends of overseas industrial parks.

  (一)产业将向高精尖转型,并实现数字化经营。

  Firstly, more digital in operation - will shift primary industry toward high-tech fields.

  通过数字化方式解决企业海外投资运营过程遇到的问题、改善园区营商环境、降低企业成本、提高园区核心竞争力并最终增强园区招商引资吸引力,实现多赢局面;

  Utilize digital technology to solve the problems encountered in overseas investment and operation, improve the park’s business environment, reduce operating cost, increase the core competitiveness and finally enhance investment attractiveness to achieve win-win results.

  (二)运营主体呈多元化趋势,多方合作促进园区和企业发展。

  Secondly, more diverse in operation - will promote collaboration in the development of parks and enterprises.

  未来的海外产业园区运营方将融合政府、园区实施企业、外部企业等更多参与主体,各参与主体群策群力,共同推动海外产业园区的发展;

  Future operators of overseas industrial parks will integrate more participants including governments, implementation enterprises and external companies. All participated parties will work together to promote the development of the parks.

  (三)产城融合将成为海外产业园区发展的新方向。

  Thirdly, city-industry integration will become the orientation for the development of overseas industrial parks.

  将中国丰富的产业新城发展经验在进行本土化改进后复制到沿线国家和地区。

  China's extensive experience in city-industry integration can be replicated to B&R countries and regions after applicable adjustments.

  借助产业园区助力东道国形成如高端制造、信息科技等特色主导产业。

  Through the help of industrial parks, host countries can form characteristic leading industries such as high-end manufacturing, information technology, etc.

  结合房地产业、商务服务业、城市服务业等相关配套,将产业园区与城市发展进行有机结合,实现产城融合,促进东道国经济和社会的发展。

  By combining supporting services such as real estate, business and urban services, city-industry integration can be realized to promote economic and social development of host countries.

  (四)对接专业服务机构,更好地开展业务。

  Lastly, connect with professional service providers to leverage their expertise for business expansion.

  未来随着入驻海外产业园区的中企数量增加,企业的诉求也将更加多元化,对各类专业配套服务的需求也将日益增加。

  As more Chinese enterprises move into overseas industrial parks, we expect increasing demands for various professional services.

  搭建专业服务机构对接平台也有助于入驻企业快速与相关专业服务方对接,充分利用当地要素资源,更高效地开展业务。

  The establishment of a professional service platform in an overseas industrial park will help companies quickly connect with relevant service providers, make full use of local resources to conduct business effectively.

  杨淑娟总结说:“随着‘一带一路’倡议的深入发展,中企的参与形式在不断变化。”

  Jane Yang concludes, With further development of the BRI, Chinese enterprises are exploring new ways to get deeper involvement.

  “基建先行已经为中国与东道国的产业合作开辟了道路,而建设高水平的海外产业园区将带动中国与沿线国家更紧密的产业合作,为实现倡议的高质量发展开启新的篇章。”

  The Infrastructure projects have paved the way for industrial cooperation between China and B&R countries, while building high-standard overseas industrial parks will create closer ties and open a new chapter for achieving high-quality development of the BRI.

  

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